Political abuse of psychiatry

“The stress of asserting civil rights in the United States these past ten years ... has stimulated specific reactive psychoses in American Negroes. ... The particular symptomatology we have observed ... is colored by a denial of Caucasian values and hostility thereto.”

““Drapetomania”—that is the name of the mental disorder that was contrived by Samuel Cartwright, who said that Blacks had a mental disorder if they had a desire to run away from slavery.”

“High-profile advertisements for the neuroleptic medication Stelazine in the American Journal of Psychiatry from the 1960s and 1970s unsubtly portrayed tribal masks and artwork during the precise moment in time that Malcolm X described a global African community, and Bromberg and Simon connected "African themes" with black psychotic symptoms.”

“In the nineteenth century, ... official Western medicine recognized drapetomania, the tendency of slaves to run away from their owners, as a disease. ... With hindsight, drapetomania is easily dismissed as a harmful fabrication of fictitious disease, in a culture violating human rights. Less easy is it to recognize harmful fabrications of our own era for what they are.”